Levitsky V.E. Methodical aspects of the formation of basic motor skills in physical education classes in children with mental developmental disorders of primary school age.

Contact: Levitsky Vadim – candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor Department of Speech therapy and special techniques of the faculty of correctional and social pedagogy and psychology of, Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohienko National University, 32300, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine. Scientific interests: of the special methods with children with disorders of psychophysical development.

The insufficient development of the problem of the formation of motor qualities in physical education classes in children with mental disorders in the theory and practice of the work of special schools (classes) led to the choice of the research topic. The article contains substantiation of the methodological foundations of the inclusion of the process of formation of motor qualities in different parts of the lesson in physical culture for children with impaired mental development of primary school age. Motor qualities determine: strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, agility, manifested when performing specific motor actions. It is important to develop motor skills in a timely and methodically correct manner. It is pedagogically wrong to develop one quality at the expense of loss (decompensation) of the other, since this leads to one-sidedness (disproportion) in physical fitness. For most children, the level of development of qualities is not the same, but they appear in different forms. It has been established that between the ages of 6 and 10 years, speed, coordination of movements, agility, and flexibility are most successfully developed; motor skills do not develop at the same age. The magnitudes of annual increases are different at different age periods and are not the same for boys and girls. The development of motor skills is closely related to perception and has a corrective and developmental effect on the cognitive activity of children with mental development disorders. Exercises that increase the level of emotional state of students are best done at the end of the main part of the lesson. Exercises that require speed, speed-power qualities, coordination and dexterity should be included in the main part of the lesson, and actions related to the development of strength and endurance in the final. It is recommended to use the circuit training method more widely. Special attention should be paid to the rational organization of workload and rest. In the breaks for rest, it is recommended to use throwing, exercises out of balance, various outdoor games.

Key words: lesson, physical education, motor skills, children with mental disorders, exercises, games, primary school age.