Levitsky V.E. - Formation of visual perception in preschool children with intellectual disabilities

Contact: Levitsky Vadim Eduardovich, candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor department of speech therapy and special techniques of the faculty of correctional and social pedagogy and psychology of KamianetsPodilskyi Ivan Ohienko National University, 32300, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine. Scientific interests the special methods of the Ukrainian language and manual labor.

The article contains the results of theoretical generalization and practical work with the survey of the state of visual perception of children with disorders of mental development of senior preschool age and a number of methodological recommendations for the formation of this mental process.
Sensory development, aimed at forming a full perception of the surrounding reality, is the basis of knowledge of the world, the first stage of which is sensory experience. The sensory development of the preschooler includes two interrelated aspects - the acquisition of ideas about the various properties and relationships of objects and phenomena and the mastery of new actions that allow a more complete  and distributed perception of the world around; is of great importance for the further development of the child and for preparation for future creative, socially useful activities. Indicated that the differences in the visual inspection due to the nature of future activities. But despite the differences, there are common basic points, techniques, typical of visual inspection. As such there are: the holistic perception of the image of the subject; identifying the main parts of the subject and the determination of their properties; determining spatial relationships of the parts among themselves; the selection of smaller units and the establishment of their spatial location in relation to main parts; re a holistic perception of the subject. The article is derived the generalization that the sensory education should be implemented within a meaningful, broad types of activities: manipulation, consumer, labor, design, music, gaming, drawing. In these conditions, children are most successfully generated skills generalized oral activities, the acquisition of public developed sensitive measurements.

Key words: perception, visual perception, children of preschool age, disorders of mental development, exercises, sensory education.