Tkach O.M. - Prerequisites for the emergence of speech in young children with typical development

Contact: Tkach Oksana Mykhailivna, candidate of pedagogical sciences, senior lecturer of the department of speech therapy and special techniques of the faculty of correctional and social pedagogy and psychology of KamianetsPodilskyi Ivan Ohienko National University, 32300, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine. Research interests: issues of speech activity formation in children with complex developmental disorders.

The article contains the results of theoretical generalization and practical study of the peculiarities of the development of the first voice and behavioral reactions of infants from birth to 1 year. Families raising infants took part in the study and agreed to share videos of daily observation of their own children. A specialized method of video analysis has been developed, which allows to quantify the lines of voice and behavioral development in ontogenesis. To understand how infants' vocal reactions acquire the features of the sound of speech of people around them and gradually enter the general behavioral  repertoire of the child, we studied the combination of vocal manifestations of the infant with the forms of his behavior. Depending on the manifestations of vocal reactions, such parameters as: absence of vocal reactions, negative and positive connotation of vocal reactions and their complex manifestations were determined. With regard to behavioral manifestations, such criteria as the absence of a pronounced form of behavior, orientation-cognitive activity, communicative and
intentional-motivational were identified. Three periods of contractual development of infants and manifestations of voice and behavioral activity in these periods are analyzed. The results of studying the influence of the speech environment on the non-speech development of infants are presented. The directions of further scientific research are also outlined.

Keywords: voice, behavior, video surveillance, cognitive mechanism, contractual development, environment.