Moga М. D. - The role of sitting function in the correction of motor disorders of preschool age children with lower spastic paresis

Information about the author: Moga Mykola, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences. Sciences, Professor, Department of Pedagogy and Special Education, Faculty of Psychology and Special Education, Dnieper National University. Oles Honchar, Dnipro, Ukraine. Research interests: correction of motor development of young children, rehabilitation and integration of people with PDO.

The article describes the formation of the function of sitting in children with o musculoskeletal system disorders by means of adaptive physical education and therapeutic physical culture. The general methodological significance of the sitting function in children as a kind of transitional stage from the foursupport position of the animal to the two-support orthograde position of a person in space is revealed: philosophical, biomechanical, social aspects.
Insufficient use by practitioners of pedagogical (playing) opportunities for the purposeful use of various “sitting” positions to overcome motor disorders in children aged 1–3 years has been found out.. The basic principles of the formation of the sitting function in a child are also formulated: cephalo-caudal, "three-story", "expanding springs", visceral and orthograde. The importance of independent sitting is emphasized for the release of the child's hands for a large object-practical activity that creates conditions for future successful socialization.
The necessity of systematic use of the potential of corrective exercises in the sitting position, both in individual work and in group classes in preschool educational institutions, is substantiated. On the basis of practical research (pedagogical research), special sets of exercises were formed to form the sitting function in preschool-age children with spastic type of movement disorders in the lower limbs. Exercises for the flexion variant of spastic disorders, for the extensor and for the adductor, are presented, in which the biomechanical specificity of these disorders is taken into account.
After each set of exercises, methodological techniques are given that increase the pedagogical efficiency of the formation of the sitting function in this contingent of children.  The specificity of the formation of the function of sitting in preschoolage children was noted depending on the angle of the pelvis (anterior or posterior).
It is noted that the prospects for research in this direction lie in the further development of game exercises for the formation of the sitting
function in children with spastic syndrome, depending on the characteristics of muscle spasticity in the lower limbs.

Key words: correctional pedagogy, adaptive physical education, young children, spastic disorders of the musculoskeletal system, sitting
function.