Spivak V. - Theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of persons with psychophysical disorders

Contact: Vitaly Spivak, PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Pedagogy and Social Work, Ivan Ohienko KamianetsPodilskyi University, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine. In the circle of scientific interests: problems of self-regulation of the personality of future specialists in the socionomic direction; peculiarities of formation of personal and professional qualities of higher education students; socio-psychological rehabilitation of different categories of the population.

The article examines the multifaceted nature of psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation. In particular, the wide and varied possibilities of rehabilitation of persons with psychophysical disabilities are noted. In addition, it is indicated that the society at the present stage seeks to satisfy the ever wider range of needs of people with psychophysical limitations. Emphasis is placed on the fact that a person with a disability should be considered, regardless of his capacity for action and usefulness to society, as an object of social policy, which is focused on creating conditions for the individual to realize all potential abilities as much as possible, and integrate into society. At the same time, a person with a disability should be considered not only as an object of special education, rehabilitation measures, social work, but also as an active object of social life and creator of his own destiny. The article also reveals the main principles of modern rehabilitation of children with disabilities, which directly correspond to the person-oriented paradigm: the openness of social rehabilitation to the future, its dynamism and variability, in connection with which it must be in the process of constant search and change, all the time forming new orientations and goals: integration of all ways of mastering the world by the child; personal orientation of the rehabilitation process, free development of individuality, which is its main factor; the principle of realism, which guides the setting of realistically achievable rehabilitation goals based on the capabilities of a child with health disabilities, objective social conditions, etc. (it is this principle that dictates the need for a strict individual approach when carrying out rehabilitation measures); direct participation of the child and his parents in creating a rehabilitation program, choosing the content, form, methods, place, time and pace of this process; the principle of humanism – a resource that guides the search for the positive to overcome "crisis situations", the actualization of potential opportunities embedded in a person, which recognizes the absolute value of a person, a child, as an individual, his uniqueness, the right to freedom of choice.

Keywords: psychological and pedagogical aspects, rehabilitation, psychophysical disorders, psychological support, psychological and pedagogical support, psychological adaptation.