Litviakov M.V. - Mechanisms of will formation in preschoolers with disorders of the musculoskeletal system by means of swimming

Contact: Mykhailo Litviakov Viktorovich, specialist of the 1st category, physical education teacher, Municipal Institution "Center for Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities". Odesa, Ukraine. Research interests: correction of physical development and emotional and volitional sphere of children of preschool and primary school age with disorders of the musculoskeletal system by means of swimming.

The article provides an analysis of literature on the use of adaptive physical education in the correction of emotional and volitional sphere of children with special educational needs. On the basis of this analysis and many years of personal practical experience in the pool with children of this category, the author has developed and presented a mechanism for correcting the volitional manifestations of preschool children with musculoskeletal disorders. It consists of the following elements: children's adaptation to the water environment; contact of the child's face (eyes) with water; dosed breath holding in water; partial and full immersion in water with head; exhalation into water (normal and prolonged); opening eyes under water; keeping on water; independent swimming of the child without touching the bottom of the pool; performing jumps into the water from the rise in different ways with strict observance of all safety rules; dosed dramatization of the motor-game plot of the lesson. Pedagogical observations and questionnaires of specialists and parents of children proved a noticeable improvement of the volitional sphere of the specified category of children after a two-year stating experiment.

Key words: preschoolers, musculoskeletal system disorders, correction, volitional sphere, swimming.